ISE 2.4 LABS

Introduction

Imagine walking into your organization on a Monday morning only to discover that an unauthorized device has been plugged into a conference room switch port overnight, gaining unrestricted access to your internal network. No authentication challenge, no identity verification, no policy enforcement — just a flat, open pathway to sensitive resources. This is the exact scenario that ISE 2.4 labs are designed to help you prevent. By mastering Identity Services Engine through structured, hands-on lab exercises, you build the skills required to deploy enterprise-grade network access control that authenticates every user and every device before granting a single byte of connectivity.

The ISE 24 LABS covered in this article walk you through the foundational configuration tasks that every CCNP Security candidate must understand: hardening the ISE administrative login, creating identity groups and internal users, registering network devices, enabling wired 802.1X authentication on switch ports, building custom authentication and authorization policies, and assigning VLANs dynamically based on user identity. Each lab builds on the previous one, and by the end you will have a fully functional ISE deployment capable of authenticating users via 802.1X, matching them to custom policy sets, and placing them into the correct VLAN automatically.

This guide is structured to mirror the lab topology and workflow you will encounter in the NHPREP ISE 802.1X Lab Course. Every command, IP address, and navigation path shown here comes directly from tested lab procedures so you can follow along with confidence.

What Are ISE 2.4 Labs and Why Do They Matter?

ISE 2.4 labs are structured, hands-on exercises that teach you how to deploy and configure the Identity Services Engine for real-world network access control. Unlike theory-based study, these labs force you to interact with the ISE graphical interface, configure switch CLI commands, and troubleshoot authentication sessions end to end.

The Role of ISE in Modern Networks

The Identity Services Engine sits at the center of an organization's access control architecture. It acts as the RADIUS server that switches, routers, and wireless controllers query when a user or device attempts to connect. ISE evaluates the incoming request against a set of authentication policies (who are you?) and authorization policies (what are you allowed to do?) before sending back an access decision — along with optional attributes like VLAN assignments, downloadable ACLs, or Security Group Tags.

Why Hands-On Practice Is Essential

Reading about ISE policy sets in documentation is one thing. Actually navigating to Administration > Identity Management > Groups, creating user identity groups, assigning users, and then watching a dot1x authentication succeed or fail on a live switch port is something else entirely. The ISE 2.4 labs covered in this article provide that critical bridge between conceptual knowledge and operational competence.

Skill Area	What Labs Teach You
Password Policies	How to customize admin and internal user password requirements
Identity Management	Creating groups, users, and mapping them correctly
Network Device Registration	Adding switches to ISE with RADIUS shared secrets
802.1X Configuration	Enabling dot1x on switch ports and verifying sessions
Policy Set Design	Building custom authentication and authorization policies
VLAN Assignment	Dynamically assigning VLANs based on user identity group

How to Prepare ISE 2.4 for Lab Exercises

Before diving into 802.1X configurations and policy sets, you need to prepare the ISE appliance itself. The default ISE installation ships with strict password policies and account lockout settings that can interfere with lab workflows. The first set of exercises focuses on relaxing these defaults so you can work efficiently without getting locked out during repeated testing.

Changing the Default Admin Password Policy

The ISE administrative interface enforces a default password policy that requires complex passwords, password history, and expiration. In a lab environment, these restrictions slow you down. Here is how to adjust them:

1. Log in to the ISE administrative GUI
2. Navigate to Administration > System > Admin Access
3. Select Authentication > Password Policy
4. Uncheck all options to remove complexity requirements
5. Click Save

Pro Tip: In production environments you would never disable password policies. These relaxed settings are strictly for lab use so you can focus on learning ISE features without battling password expiration during exercises. Always enforce strong password policies in production deployments.

Adjusting Account Lock and Suspend Settings

ISE also enforces account lockout after repeated failed login attempts by default. During labs, you will inevitably enter wrong credentials while testing authentication flows. To prevent locking yourself out:

1. Navigate to Administration > System > Admin Access
2. Select Authentication > Lock/Suspend Settings
3. Uncheck all options
4. Click Save

Changing the Internal User Password Policy

Separate from the admin password policy, ISE enforces a password policy for internal users — the user accounts stored within the ISE local identity store. Since you will create test users like user1, user2, and user3 with simple passwords, you should relax this policy as well:

1. Navigate to Administration > Identity Management > Settings
2. Select User Authentication Settings > Password Policy
3. Uncheck all options
4. Click Save

These three preparatory steps ensure your lab environment is ready for rapid configuration and testing without friction from security policies designed for production use.

How to Create Identity Groups and Users in ISE 2.4 Labs

Identity management is the foundation of ISE policy enforcement. Before you can write a single authentication or authorization rule, you need to create the identity groups that categorize your users and the user accounts that represent them.

Creating User Identity Groups

In the ISE 2.4 labs, you create three identity groups that represent different organizational roles:

• MY_ADMIN — Administrative users who need access to management VLANs
• MY_SALES — Sales department users with their own network segment
• MY_GUESTS — Guest users with limited, isolated connectivity

To create these groups:

1. Navigate to Administration > Identity Management > Groups > User Identity Groups
2. Click Add
3. Enter the group name (e.g., MY_ADMIN)
4. Save and repeat for MY_SALES and MY_GUESTS

Creating Internal Users and Assigning Group Membership

With the groups in place, you create three test users and assign each to the appropriate group:

Username	Identity Group	Purpose
user1	MY_ADMIN	Simulates an administrator connecting via 802.1X
user2	MY_SALES	Simulates a sales team member
user3	MY_GUESTS	Simulates a guest user

To create each user:

1. Navigate to Administration > Identity Management > Identities > Users
2. Click Add
3. Enter the username (e.g., user1), set the password to Lab@123
4. Assign the user to the appropriate identity group
5. Submit

Pro Tip: The relationship between users and identity groups is central to ISE authorization policies. When you later create authorization rules, you will match on the user's identity group to determine which VLAN, ACL, or security posture to apply. Getting these assignments right at this stage saves troubleshooting time later.

How to Register Network Devices in ISE 2.4 Labs

ISE does not process RADIUS requests from just any device on the network. You must explicitly register each network device — switch, router, wireless controller, or firewall — as a known network access device (NAD) in ISE. This registration includes the device IP address, a shared RADIUS key, and optional group assignments for device type and location.

Creating Network Device Groups

Before adding the switch itself, you set up organizational groupings so that devices can be categorized by type and location. This categorization becomes powerful later when you write policy conditions that match on device type or location.

Device Type Group:

1. Navigate to Administration > Network Resources > Network Device Groups
2. Under All Groups, choose All Device Types
3. Click Add
4. Create a group named CISCO SWITCH
5. Save

Location Group:

1. Navigate to Administration > Network Resources > Network Device Groups
2. Under All Groups, choose All Locations
3. Click Add
4. Create a location group named BANGALORE
5. Under BANGALORE, add a sub-location named HSR_NH
6. Save

Adding the Switch as a Network Device

With the device groups in place, you register the lab switch:

1. Navigate to Administration > Network Resources > Network Devices
2. Click Add
3. Configure the following details:

Field	Value
Name	INT_SW (or your switch hostname)
IP Address	10.11.11.15
Location	HSR_NH
Device Type	CISCO SWITCH
RADIUS Shared Secret	cisco

4. Click Submit

After submission, verify the switch appears in the network device list with the correct IP, location, and device type assignments. This registration tells ISE to accept and process RADIUS requests originating from 10.11.11.15 using the shared secret cisco.

Configuring Wired 802.1X Authentication on the Switch — ISE 2.4 Labs

This is the heart of the ISE 2.4 labs: configuring a switch to enforce 802.1X authentication on its access ports and point those authentication requests at ISE. The configuration involves enabling AAA, defining the RADIUS server, creating a server group, and enabling dot1x on the target interface.

Step 1: Enable AAA and Protect Console Access

First, enable the AAA subsystem on the switch. Critically, you must also ensure that console access does not require RADIUS authentication — otherwise, if ISE becomes unreachable, you could lock yourself out of the switch entirely.

aaa new-model

aaa authentication login NO_ISE line none
line con 0
 login authentication NO_ISE
!

The aaa new-model command activates the AAA framework. The named method list NO_ISE is assigned to the console line and uses line none, meaning console access falls back to the locally configured line password or no authentication. This is a safety net that keeps your console accessible regardless of RADIUS server availability.

Pro Tip: Always exclude the console from RADIUS authentication in lab and production environments alike. Losing console access to a switch because ISE is down or unreachable is one of the most common — and most painful — mistakes in ISE deployments.

Step 2: Configure the RADIUS Server

Define the RADIUS server that the switch will contact for authentication decisions:

radius server ccie
 address ipv4 10.11.11.130
 key cisco

This creates a RADIUS server entry named ccie pointing to the ISE node at 10.11.11.130 with the shared secret cisco. The shared secret must match exactly what you configured when registering the switch in ISE.

Step 3: Create a RADIUS Server Group

Group the RADIUS server into a named server group. This allows you to reference the group in AAA method lists:

aaa group server radius ISE
 server name ccie
!
ip radius source-interface vlan 10

The ip radius source-interface vlan 10 command ensures that all RADIUS packets originating from the switch use the VLAN 10 interface IP address as the source. This source IP must match the IP address registered in ISE (or at minimum, ISE must accept RADIUS from this source).

Step 4: Enable 802.1X Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting

Apply the ISE server group to dot1x authentication, network authorization, and dot1x accounting:

aaa authentication dot1x default group ISE
aaa authorization network default group ISE
aaa accounting dot1x default start-stop group ISE

These three lines tell the switch:

• Authentication: Verify dot1x credentials using the ISE RADIUS group
• Authorization: Request network authorization attributes (like VLAN assignments) from ISE
• Accounting: Send start and stop accounting records to ISE for session tracking

Step 5: Enable Global 802.1X and Tracking Features

dot1x system-auth-control
ip device tracking
nmsp enable
epm logging

Command	Purpose
dot1x system-auth-control	Globally enables 802.1X port-based authentication on the switch
ip device tracking	Enables IP device tracking, required for dynamic VLAN and ACL assignment
nmsp enable	Enables Network Mobility Services Protocol for location and endpoint tracking
epm logging	Enables Endpoint Policy Manager logging for troubleshooting authorization

Step 6: Configure the Access Port for 802.1X

Apply dot1x authentication to the specific switch interface where the endpoint connects:

interface g0/1
 switchport host
 switchport access vlan 50
 authentication port-control auto
 dot1x pae authenticator

• switchport host: Configures the port as an access port and enables portfast
• switchport access vlan 50: Sets the default access VLAN to 50 (this will be overridden by ISE authorization later)
• authentication port-control auto: Enables automatic authentication — the port starts unauthorized and moves to authorized state upon successful 802.1X exchange
• dot1x pae authenticator: Sets the port as a dot1x Port Access Entity authenticator, meaning the switch (not the client) initiates and controls the authentication process

Pro Tip: The combination of authentication port-control auto and dot1x pae authenticator is what makes the port enforce 802.1X. Without both commands, the port either will not challenge connecting clients or will not properly process EAP frames.

Step 7: Enable the Wired 802.1X Supplicant on the Client

On the Windows client machine that connects to the switch port:

1. Enable the Wired AutoConfig service manually (it is typically disabled by default)
2. Open the network adapter properties and enable 802.1X authentication on the LAN connection
3. Configure the supplicant to use EAP credentials (username and password)

This client-side configuration is often overlooked in lab setups. Without the Wired AutoConfig service running and 802.1X enabled on the adapter, the client will never send EAPOL frames and the switch port will remain unauthorized.

Verifying 802.1X Authentication Sessions in ISE 2.4 Labs

After configuring both the switch and the client, verification is the critical next step. You need to confirm that the authentication actually succeeded and that ISE processed the request correctly.

Switch-Side Verification

Use the following commands on the switch to check the authentication state of the port:

show authentication sessions interface g0/1
show authentication sessions interface g0/1 details

The first command shows a summary of all authentication sessions on the interface, including the MAC address, authentication method (dot1x), and current state (authorized or unauthorized). The second command with the details keyword provides deeper information including the username, assigned VLAN, and any applied policies.

ISE-Side Verification

On the ISE GUI, navigate to the RADIUS Live Logs section to verify:

• The authentication request was received from the correct network device (10.11.11.15)
• The correct identity (user1, user2, or user3) was authenticated
• The authentication policy that matched the request
• The authorization profile that was applied
• The final result (permit or deny)

The RADIUS live logs are your primary troubleshooting tool throughout the ISE 2.4 labs. Every authentication attempt — successful or failed — appears here with detailed information about which policy rules matched and what result was returned.

Building Custom Authentication Policies in ISE 2.4 Labs

The default ISE policy set comes with a pre-built authentication policy that handles common scenarios. However, the ISE 2.4 labs teach you to build custom authentication policies that give you granular control over how different types of connections are processed.

Disabling the Default Authentication Policy

The first step in customizing your authentication flow is to change the default authentication policy action to DenyAccess. This ensures that any authentication request that does not match a specific custom rule is denied rather than permitted by a catch-all default:

1. Navigate to Policy > Policy Sets
2. Open the default policy set
3. In the Authentication Policy section, change the default rule's action to DenyAccess
4. Save the configuration

Creating a Custom Wired 802.1X Authentication Policy

With the default set to deny, you now create a specific policy that explicitly matches wired 802.1X authentication:

1. In the Authentication Policy section, click to add a new rule
2. Name the rule MY_DOT1X
3. Add a condition that matches Wired Dot1x connection type
4. Set the identity source to the appropriate identity store (Internal Users)
5. Save the configuration

After saving, disable and re-enable the 802.1X adapter on the client machine to force a re-authentication. The client should authenticate successfully, but this time the RADIUS live logs will show the MY_DOT1X authentication policy as the matching rule rather than the default.

Pro Tip: Building custom authentication policies instead of relying on defaults is a best practice that the CCNP Security exam heavily tests. The exam expects you to understand how policy conditions are evaluated, how rules are ordered, and how the default rule acts as a catch-all. Practicing this workflow in the NHPREP ISE 802.1X Lab Course builds exactly this understanding.

How Does VLAN Assignment Work in ISE 2.4 Labs?

VLAN assignment is one of the most practical and commonly deployed authorization features in ISE. The concept is straightforward: after a user successfully authenticates, ISE instructs the switch to place the user's port into a specific VLAN based on the user's identity group. This is the ISE 2.4 labs' capstone exercise and ties together everything configured in the previous labs.

Understanding the Problem

In the lab topology, the switch port g0/1 is configured with a default access VLAN of 50. Without a custom authorization policy, every user who authenticates — regardless of whether they belong to MY_ADMIN, MY_SALES, or MY_GUESTS — ends up in VLAN 50. This means:

• user1 (MY_ADMIN) connects on g0/1 and receives an IP address from the 10.50.50.0/24 subnet (VLAN 50) instead of the management VLAN 10
• user2 (MY_SALES) also lands in VLAN 50 instead of VLAN 20
• user3 (MY_GUESTS) is the only user correctly placed, since VLAN 50 happens to be the guest VLAN

This happens because the Default Authorization Policy does not differentiate between identity groups. It simply permits access without pushing any VLAN attribute.

Creating Authorization Profiles

Authorization profiles define what ISE sends back to the switch after a successful authentication. For VLAN assignment, each profile contains a VLAN tag that tells the switch to override the port's configured access VLAN.

Navigate to Policy > Policy Elements > Results > Authorization > Authorization Profiles and create three profiles:

Profile Name	VLAN Tag	Target Group
MY_ADMIN_PROFILE	VLAN 10	MY_ADMIN users
MY_SALES_PROFILE	VLAN 20	MY_SALES users
MY_GUESTS_PROFILE	VLAN 50	MY_GUESTS users

For each profile:

1. Click Add
2. Enter the profile name (e.g., MY_ADMIN_PROFILE)
3. Under Common Tasks, enable the VLAN attribute and set the VLAN ID (e.g., 10)
4. Save

Configuring Authorization Policy Rules

With the profiles created, you now assign them to authorization policy rules that match on identity group membership:

1. Navigate to Policy > Policy Sets > Authorization
2. Add a new authorization rule for each group
3. For each rule, add a condition that matches the Identity Group attribute (e.g., Identity Group equals MY_ADMIN)
4. Set the result to the corresponding authorization profile (e.g., MY_ADMIN_PROFILE)
5. Save the configuration

The resulting authorization policy should look like this:

Rule Name	Condition	Authorization Profile
Admin_Access	Identity Group = MY_ADMIN	MY_ADMIN_PROFILE (VLAN 10)
Sales_Access	Identity Group = MY_SALES	MY_SALES_PROFILE (VLAN 20)
Guest_Access	Identity Group = MY_GUESTS	MY_GUESTS_PROFILE (VLAN 50)
Default	(catch-all)	DenyAccess

Configuring the Switch for VLAN Assignment

For the switch to properly accept and apply VLAN attributes from ISE, you need to configure it to send vendor-specific attributes (VSAs) in RADIUS requests. These commands ensure the switch includes the necessary attributes that ISE uses for policy decisions and that ISE can push VLAN attributes back:

radius-server attribute 6 on-for-login-auth
radius-server attribute 8 include-in-access-req
radius-server attribute 25 access-request include
radius-server vsa send accounting
radius-server vsa send authentication

Command	Purpose
radius-server attribute 6 on-for-login-auth	Includes the Service-Type attribute in Access-Request packets
radius-server attribute 8 include-in-access-req	Includes the Framed-IP-Address attribute in Access-Request packets
radius-server attribute 25 access-request include	Includes the Class attribute in Access-Request packets
radius-server vsa send accounting	Sends vendor-specific attributes in accounting packets
radius-server vsa send authentication	Sends vendor-specific attributes in authentication packets

After applying these commands, bounce the dot1x interface to trigger re-authentication:

int g0/1
 shutdown
 dot1x pae authenticator

Then bring the interface back up and have the client re-authenticate. This time, the RADIUS live logs on ISE should show the matching authorization profile, and the switch should dynamically assign the VLAN based on the authenticated user's identity group.

Verifying VLAN Assignment

After re-authentication, verify on the switch:

show authentication sessions interface g0/1 details

The output should now display the authorized VLAN matching the user's group — VLAN 10 for user1 (MY_ADMIN), VLAN 20 for user2 (MY_SALES), or VLAN 50 for user3 (MY_GUESTS). The client should receive an IP address from the correct subnet corresponding to the assigned VLAN.

ISE 2.4 Labs: Network Device Groups and Location-Based Policy

One of the advantages of creating Network Device Groups in ISE is the ability to write policies that match on the type or location of the connecting network device, not just the identity of the user. In the ISE 2.4 labs, you created two device group hierarchies:

• Device Type: All Device Types > CISCO SWITCH
• Location: All Locations > BANGALORE > HSR_NH

These groupings enable advanced use cases such as:

• Applying stricter authorization policies when users connect from switches in sensitive locations
• Allowing different VLAN assignments depending on whether the user connects from a branch office or headquarters
• Restricting certain user groups to specific device types (e.g., admin users can only authenticate through managed switches, not wireless controllers)

While the lab exercises focus on basic VLAN assignment, understanding device group hierarchies is essential for scaling ISE deployments in production environments with hundreds or thousands of network devices.

Pro Tip: When designing your device group hierarchy for production, plan the structure before adding devices. Restructuring device groups after policies reference them requires updating every affected policy rule. A well-planned hierarchy of location and device type groups saves significant administrative effort as the deployment grows.

Troubleshooting Common ISE 2.4 Lab Issues

Even with careful configuration, you will encounter authentication failures during the ISE 2.4 labs. Here are the most common issues and their resolutions:

Authentication Fails with "No Response from RADIUS Server"

Cause: The switch cannot reach ISE or the shared secret is mismatched.

Resolution checklist:

1. Verify Layer 3 reachability between the switch and ISE (ping 10.11.11.130 from the switch)
2. Confirm the RADIUS shared secret on the switch matches the secret configured in ISE for that network device
3. Verify the switch IP address registered in ISE matches the source interface IP (check ip radius source-interface)

Client Stays Unauthorized After 802.1X Configuration

Cause: The Windows supplicant is not configured correctly.

Resolution checklist:

1. Verify the Wired AutoConfig service is running on the client
2. Confirm 802.1X is enabled on the LAN adapter
3. Disable and re-enable the adapter to trigger a fresh authentication attempt

User Authenticates but Gets Wrong VLAN

Cause: Authorization policy rules are not matching correctly, or the default authorization policy is being hit instead of a custom rule.

Resolution checklist:

1. Check the RADIUS live logs on ISE to see which authorization rule matched
2. Verify the user is assigned to the correct identity group
3. Confirm the authorization policy rules are in the correct order (more specific rules above less specific ones)
4. Ensure the authorization profile has the correct VLAN tag configured

Switch Does Not Apply VLAN from ISE

Cause: Missing RADIUS attribute or VSA configuration on the switch.

Resolution checklist:

1. Verify the radius-server vsa send authentication and radius-server vsa send accounting commands are configured
2. Confirm the radius-server attribute commands are present
3. Check that the VLAN exists on the switch and the trunk to the upstream device carries it

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between authentication policy and authorization policy in ISE?

The authentication policy determines how ISE verifies a user's identity — which identity store to check (internal users, Active Directory, LDAP, etc.) and what protocols to allow (EAP-TLS, PEAP, etc.). The authorization policy runs after authentication succeeds and determines what access the user receives — VLAN assignment, ACLs, Security Group Tags, or other permissions. In the ISE 2.4 labs, you configure both: a custom authentication policy named MY_DOT1X that matches wired 802.1X connections, and authorization policies that assign VLANs based on identity group membership.

Why do I need to configure "aaa authentication login NO_ISE line none" on the switch?

This command creates a named authentication method list called NO_ISE that uses line none as its method, meaning no external authentication is required. When applied to the console line (line con 0), it ensures you can still access the switch via the console port even if the ISE RADIUS server becomes unreachable. Without this safeguard, an ISE outage or misconfiguration could lock you out of your own switch, requiring a password recovery procedure.

Can ISE 2.4 assign different VLANs to different users on the same switch port?

Yes, and this is exactly what the VLAN assignment lab demonstrates. By creating separate authorization profiles (MY_ADMIN_PROFILE with VLAN 10, MY_SALES_PROFILE with VLAN 20, MY_GUESTS_PROFILE with VLAN 50) and matching them to identity groups in the authorization policy, ISE dynamically instructs the switch to place each authenticated user into the appropriate VLAN. The switch port's statically configured access VLAN (VLAN 50 in the lab) is overridden by the RADIUS VLAN attribute pushed by ISE during authorization.

What does "dot1x system-auth-control" do on the switch?

The dot1x system-auth-control command globally enables 802.1X port-based authentication on the switch. Without this command, even if individual interfaces are configured with dot1x pae authenticator and authentication port-control auto, the switch will not process any 802.1X frames. Think of it as the global on/off switch for the entire 802.1X subsystem.

What is the purpose of network device groups in ISE?

Network device groups allow you to organize your network access devices (switches, routers, wireless controllers) by type and location. In the ISE 2.4 labs, you create a device type group called CISCO SWITCH and a location hierarchy of BANGALORE > HSR_NH. These groupings enable you to write authorization policies that consider not just who the user is, but also where they are connecting from and what type of device they are connecting through. This is essential for large-scale deployments where the same user might receive different access levels depending on their physical location.

How do I verify that ISE is processing RADIUS requests from my switch?

The primary verification tool is the RADIUS Live Logs in the ISE GUI. Every authentication attempt — successful or failed — appears in the live logs with details about the source network device, the username, the matched authentication and authorization policies, and the final result. On the switch side, you can use show authentication sessions interface g0/1 and show authentication sessions interface g0/1 details to check the authentication state, method, and assigned attributes for each port.

Conclusion

The ISE 2.4 labs covered in this article represent the essential, foundational skills that every network security professional needs to deploy identity-based access control. You have walked through the complete workflow from initial ISE preparation — relaxing password policies and lockout settings for lab use — through identity management with groups and users, network device registration with device type and location hierarchies, wired 802.1X switch configuration with RADIUS server groups, custom authentication policies that replace default catch-all rules, and finally dynamic VLAN assignment through authorization profiles matched to identity groups.

Each of these labs builds on the previous one, creating a layered understanding of how ISE processes access requests. The password policy configuration ensures you can work efficiently. The identity groups and users populate the identity store that ISE queries. The network device registration tells ISE which switches to trust. The 802.1X switch configuration establishes the RADIUS communication channel. The custom authentication policy defines how credentials are verified. And the authorization profiles with VLAN assignment deliver the practical outcome — users landing in the correct network segment based on who they are.

These skills are directly tested on the CCNP Security exam, and more importantly, they are directly applicable to production deployments where organizations need to control network access at scale. The ability to configure, verify, and troubleshoot an ISE 802.1X deployment from end to end is one of the most valuable capabilities a security engineer can possess.

To continue building your ISE skills with guided, hands-on lab exercises, explore the NHPREP ISE 802.1X Lab Course where you can practice these configurations in a structured lab environment with step-by-step guidance and real switch topologies.